In the US, consumers can freeze their credit worthiness records and receive a code. When the records are frozen, the only orgs that can access the records are those already doing business with the consumer. If a consumer wants to open up a new account, they share the code with the prospective creditor who uses it to see the credit report.
So the question is, how are access controls on credit histories done in various EU nations? Do any use unlock codes like the US, or is it all trust based?
pretty sure that having “credit agencies” keeping track of people credit history is a huge violation of GDPR and would be illegal in the EU. At least I never heard about that. The only similar things I know is the central bank keeping a listing of “unpaid credit” which make ban you from getting any new credit for a certain time. (And as it’s a public institution, you have the right to contest any writing there in court if it 's not justified, stuff like identity theft being a classic one)
You’re wrong unfortunately, private credit agencies are a thing.
In Germany, you might be denied an apartment if the landlord demands a Schufa score
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schufa