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Cake day: August 5th, 2023

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  • That is the e horizon which stands for eluvial. Spodosols form in acidic environments and this causes the iron and humus to move down the soil profile as a complex as rain moves through. So the black humus and red iron are removed which gives soil most of its color. What you are left with is the silt and sands that are the pale color you see.